Just to clarify the issue, these are the
exclusive rights a copyright holder has in regards to a work (in this case the Statler and Waldorf puppets) and only the copyright holder (in this case the Muppets Holding Company) has the right to do the following with the puppets:
- The right to produce copies or reproductions of the work and to sell those copies (like replica puppets)
- The right to import or export the work (not really applicable here)
- The right to create derivative works (make and sell, say, Statler and Waldorf coffee mugs or T-Shirts)
- The right to perform or display the work publicly (say in a live show or on T.V. show or web series)
- The right to sell or assign these rights to others (only they can grant permission for a company or individual to make and sell copies)
The exceptions are fair use. Fair use is different in every country (for example, you can download music from P2P networks legally in Canada, but not in the U.S.) but the explicit exceptions that allow you to reproduce or copy a copyrighted work legally and make a profit are criticism or satire, news, teaching, scholarship, or research. There is specific case law and special exceptions for various things, but there is simply no legal basis for taking a copyrighted work, copying it and make money off it without the copyright holder's permission. End of story.
I'm puzzled by Amicus' comment that there's no problem with these unless they're not the real puppets. There would be absolutely no problem selling two of the real puppets (assuming they weren't stolen) because once a copyright holder sells or gives away a work the person who buys/receives it can turn around and sell it for as much as they like (although they can't make copies). This is called the "first-sale doctrine" and it's the legal basis for reselling things like books and CDs on ebay.
For example, I recently had some Audrey II puppets I helped build for a production of LSOH two years ago given to me because the company they were built for doesn't want them anymore. I repaired them and I'm thinking of selling them, which I could do legally because they were legitimate props made for a production licensed by the copyright holder. What I cannot do is start making more and selling those. That would be copyright infringement.
Anyways, any further copyright discussion should be directed to
this thread which was specifically created to keep this sort of lengthy, legal debate out of the puppetry forum.
Oh and I totally agree about the crappy looking puppets made by Gund and Applause. They had that one Kermit puppet in the `90s that was OK, but that's about it. All good Muppet puppets that have been (legally) sold were the ones made in the `70s which I believe the Muppet workshop consulted on. Coincidence? I think not.
It's interesting to see Master replicas getting a license from Disney and making replicas from the actual patterns. There's clearly a demand for this kind of thing.